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Bitcoin

How bitcoin works under the hood: transactions, mining and pools, the halving, fees and the Lightning Network, plus the risks to know first.

27 guides26 beginner1 intermediate
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The title What is the Lightning Network with the Bitcoin logo over two glowing glass blocks joined by orange light on dark navy.BitcoinBeginnerBitcoin Lightning Network: what it is and how it worksThe Lightning Network is a Bitcoin payment layer, not a separate coin. It moves bitcoin through payment channels for fast, low-cost payments.Vahe Hakobyan3 min readRead guide

All Bitcoin guides

Every guide in this topic, labelled by level.

Bitcoin halving guide cover with the Bitcoin logo and glowing orange chain blocks on a dark navy backgroundBitcoinBeginnerWhat Is a Bitcoin Halving and Why Does It Happen?A Bitcoin halving is a scheduled cut in the new bitcoin paid to miners. It happens about every four years, when the block count reaches a set number.4 min read · Updated Oct 5, 2026 The guide title and the Bitcoin logo over a dark desk with a hardware wallet, steel plate, padlock, and shield lit in orange.BitcoinBeginnerIs Bitcoin a cryptocurrency? What it is and who created itYes, Bitcoin is the first cryptocurrency and runs on its own chain with no central issuer. US agencies treat it as a commodity and tax it as property.3 min read · Updated Oct 5, 2026 A dark navy background with glass blocks linked by glowing orange lines on the right, and the title with the Bitcoin logo on the left.BitcoinIntermediateCryptocurrency vs Bitcoin: how they differBitcoin is one cryptocurrency in the wider crypto category. Bitcoin has no company owner, while many other cryptos are run by companies or foundations.3 min read · Updated Oct 5, 2026 A glowing orange glass cube joined by light to smaller blank cubes on a dark navy background, with the guide title and a coin logo over it.BitcoinBeginnerIs cryptocurrency the same as Bitcoin?Cryptocurrency is the broad category, while Bitcoin is one cryptocurrency. Bitcoin launched in 2009 and uses its own blockchain and proof-of-work mining.3 min read · Updated Oct 5, 2026 The title Bitcoin Cash over a dark navy background with glowing orange coins and a glass block on the right.BitcoinBeginnerBitcoin Cash: what it is and how it worksBitcoin Cash is a peer-to-peer payment coin forked from Bitcoin in 2017. It runs its own proof-of-work network and is taxed as property in the US.3 min read · Updated Oct 5, 2026 The guide title What is a wrapped Bitcoin token? with the Bitcoin logo over glass blocks joined by glowing orange light on a dark navy background.BitcoinBeginnerWrapped Bitcoin tokens: what they areA wrapped Bitcoin token is a blockchain token on another network that tracks BTC's price. You get it by sending BTC to a custodian or bridge.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 The guide title How does Bitcoin mining work with the Bitcoin logo over rows of mining machines with glowing orange fans.BitcoinBeginnerHow Bitcoin mining works and what it takesBitcoin mining confirms transactions and issues new bitcoin through proof-of-work computing that needs specialized hardware and large amounts of power.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 The title 'What is a Bitcoin mining pool?' with the Bitcoin logo over rows of dark mining machines glowing orange.BitcoinBeginnerBitcoin mining pools: what they are and how they workA Bitcoin mining pool combines miners' computing power and shares rewards. Payout methods set each miner's cut. The IRS taxes rewards as income.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 The title How are Bitcoin miners paid appears with the Bitcoin logo over rows of dark mining machines with glowing orange fans and cables.BitcoinBeginnerHow Bitcoin miners are paid: block rewards and poolsBitcoin miners are paid newly issued bitcoin plus transaction fees for each block they confirm. Most join a pool that pays by shares and thresholds.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 The title What are Bitcoin transaction fees for miners? and the Bitcoin logo over a dark navy background with rows of glowing mining rigsBitcoinBeginnerBitcoin transaction fees: what miners get and why you payBitcoin transaction fees are payments miners collect for confirming a transaction in a block; the fee follows transaction size, not amount sent.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 The title What happens to miners after a Bitcoin halving? with the Bitcoin logo over rows of dark mining machines glowing orangeBitcoinBeginnerWhat happens to Bitcoin miners after a halving?After a Bitcoin halving, miners earn half the new bitcoin per block, so some shut down while others wait for difficulty to adjust and rely more on fees.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 The title over a dark background with mining machines and glowing orange fans, plus the Bitcoin logo.BitcoinBeginnerHow Bitcoin transaction fees affect security over timeTransaction fees add to miner revenue, and their role grows as the block subsidy falls. Judge security by total miner revenue, not fee levels alone.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 Bitcoin guide cover with title, the Bitcoin logo, and a dark background of blank coins and a glowing glass block.BitcoinBeginnerHow Bitcoin processes transactions, step by stepBitcoin payments are signed by your wallet, checked by nodes, mined into a block, and confirmed by later blocks. You need spendable BTC for the fee.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 Bitcoin risks guide title with the Bitcoin logo over a dark navy background of glowing orange coins, a broken chain and a cracked padlock.BitcoinBeginnerWhat are the main risks of using Bitcoin?Bitcoin's main risks are price swings, irreversible payments, lost keys, scams and exchange failures; the IRS taxes it as property, not currency.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 The title How to evaluate activity on Bitcoin with the Bitcoin logo over dark navy space with brass discs, a glass cube and copper wire on the right.BitcoinBeginnerHow to evaluate activity on Bitcoin: on-chain metricsYou can evaluate activity on Bitcoin with public on-chain data from a trusted block explorer, then record each metric's source and date before comparing.2 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 The title How to compare Bitcoin with other blockchains over a dark navy background with glass blocks joined by orange light on the right.BitcoinBeginnerHow to Compare Bitcoin With Other BlockchainsCompare Bitcoin with other blockchains by matching each one to your use case, then checking speed, fees, finality, decentralization, consensus and supply.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 The title How to send tokens on Bitcoin Lightning Network with the Bitcoin logo over a dark desk with a glowing cable and blank-screen device.BitcoinBeginnerHow to send tokens on Bitcoin Lightning NetworkSend tokens on Bitcoin Lightning with a Taproot Assets or RGB wallet; the wallet needs bitcoin for fees and liquidity.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 The title How to check transaction fees on Bitcoin Lightning Network with the Bitcoin logo over dark server racks and orange lights.BitcoinBeginnerHow to Check Bitcoin Lightning Network FeesYou check a Lightning fee in your wallet before you send, then open payment details to confirm the final fee. Channel on-chain fees are separate.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 How to verify a transaction on the Bitcoin Lightning Network, with a hardware wallet, steel plate and padlock on a dark background.BitcoinBeginnerHow to Verify a Bitcoin Lightning PaymentYou verify a Lightning payment by matching its invoice payment hash with the wallet preimage. Keep the invoice, hash, preimage and amount for tax records.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 A glowing orange lightning bolt among small glass blocks and light lines on a dark navy background, with a dark desk of orange bars on the left.BitcoinBeginnerWhich tokens can you send on Bitcoin Lightning?Lightning moves only bitcoin natively; other tokens need an overlay such as Taproot Assets plus a compatible wallet, and support is still early.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 A blank metal coin and a screenless black wallet on a dark navy desk with orange glowing light trails on the right side.BitcoinBeginnerHow Bitcoin Cash processes transactions step by stepBitcoin Cash transactions are signed in a wallet, broadcast to nodes, and mined into blocks. First confirmation usually comes in 10 to 60 minutes.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 The title and the Bitcoin logo over a dark navy background of glowing glass blocks joined by orange light lines.BitcoinBeginnerBitcoin Cash risks: what to know before you use itThe risks of using Bitcoin Cash are weaker mining security, irreversible payments, and address confusion. BCH is a 2017 bitcoin fork built for payments.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 A glowing orange block with circuit patterns on the right over a dark navy background, with the Bitcoin logo and guide title.BitcoinBeginnerHow to Evaluate Bitcoin Cash Network ActivityEvaluate Bitcoin Cash activity with public explorers and dashboards. Check transactions, active addresses, volume, costs, and hash rate over several weeks.2 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 The guide title and the Bitcoin logo over a dark navy background with glass blocks joined by glowing orange light.BitcoinBeginnerHow to compare Bitcoin Cash with other blockchainsCompare Bitcoin Cash with other chains on speed, fees, scalability and security, and date every figure because fees and hashrate change often.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 The title of the Bitcoin mining guide and the Bitcoin logo over rows of glowing mining machines and cablesBitcoinBeginnerHow public Bitcoin mining companies make moneyPublic cryptocurrency mining companies earn block rewards and fees for confirming Bitcoin transactions, and many sell the bitcoin they mine.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 The title How to accept Bitcoin Lightning payments as a merchant, the Bitcoin logo, and a dark desk with a blank glowing card reader and orange light.BitcoinBeginnerHow to accept Bitcoin Lightning payments as a merchantYou accept Lightning Network payments by creating a Bitcoin invoice that the customer scans. Confirm settlement and record each sale in dollars.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026 The title What is the Lightning Network with the Bitcoin logo over two glowing glass blocks joined by orange light on dark navy.BitcoinBeginnerBitcoin Lightning Network: what it is and how it worksThe Lightning Network is a Bitcoin payment layer, not a separate coin. It moves bitcoin through payment channels for fast, low-cost payments.3 min read · Updated Oct 6, 2026

Questions

Short answers to what people ask most.

Yes. Bitcoin was the first cryptocurrency, launched in 2009 by the pseudonymous Satoshi Nakamoto, and it runs on its own public blockchain.

Every 210,000 blocks, about every four years, the new-bitcoin reward per block is cut in half. It slows issuance toward the cap of 21 million coins.

Miners compete to find a valid hash for the next block. The winner adds the block and earns the block subsidy plus the fees of the transactions inside it.

No. Bitcoin is one cryptocurrency. Thousands of others exist, from ether to stablecoins, each on its own network or issued as a token.

A payment layer on top of bitcoin that settles small payments off-chain through channels, so they confirm fast and cost a fraction of an on-chain fee.